As Modifier: 1. Used at the beginning or end of the first of two phrases to mean that the action in the first phrase happens at a time earlier than the action of the second (which is signed after the first). English = before. 2. Used at the beginning or end of a sign phrase, or immediately next to a verb (action) sign, to mean that the action took place at a time earlier than the time of speaking or time of point of reference. English = before.