As a Noun: 1. An experience which is unpleasant, upsetting, or very surprising. English = shock. As a Verb or Adjective: 1. To have an experience which is unpleasant, upsetting, or very surprising. English = (be) shocked. 2. To make someone have an experience which is unpleasant, upsetting, or very surprising. English = shock. 3. To react to something which is unexpected or unusual. English = (be) surprised. Idiomatic English = (be) caught unawares. Interactive: 1. Used alone to mean that you are mildly surprised by something that has happened. English = 'Oh!', 'Well!', 'Well! Well! Well!', 'Well, I never thought/imagined!' and so on. As Modifier: 1. Used immediately next to a verb to mean the action happens so quickly and unexpectedly that you are surprised by it. English = all of a sudden, suddenly. 2. Used immediately next to a verb to mean the action happens earlier than usual. English = prematurely.